{"id":10649,"date":"2025-07-28T09:54:16","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T07:54:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gradido.net\/?page_id=10649"},"modified":"2025-10-04T12:00:59","modified_gmt":"2025-10-04T10:00:59","slug":"community-based-economy-and-parallel-currencies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/community-based-economy-and-parallel-currencies\/","title":{"rendered":"Komunitn\u00ed ekonomika a paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny Filip\u00edny"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10649\" class=\"elementor elementor-10649\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ce3e8af elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ce3e8af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efa8c8c\" data-id=\"efa8c8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e088aa4 elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"e088aa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrows&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Posuvn\u00edk\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-2de4990 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"manila-4503501_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-28f126e swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"philippines-4951855_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-992da35 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"manila-2256322_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"P\u0159edchoz\u00ed sn\u00edmek\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Dal\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edmek\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-240baa7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"240baa7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1afe9e42\" data-id=\"1afe9e42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65bd50ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65bd50ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> Komunitn\u00ed ekonomika a paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-446540f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"446540f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-312a2d3\" data-id=\"312a2d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af76c8a elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"af76c8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Pr\u016fzkum zem\u011b\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-grow\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-af76c8a\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12305\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Afrika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12253\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Afrika, cel\u00fd kontinent<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13097\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/dr-congo\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Demokratick\u00e1 republika Kongo<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/kenya\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Ke\u0148a<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12737\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/madagascar\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Madagaskar<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/namibia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Namibie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12839\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/rwanda\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Rwanda<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11798\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Amerika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/usa\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">USA<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/mexico\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Mexiko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11800\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Asia<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/maledives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Maledivy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Philppines<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11802\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11797\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Evropa<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11805\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/germany\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">N\u011bmecko<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11803\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/greece\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u0158ecko<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/spain\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u0160pan\u011blsko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11801\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Oce\u00e1nie<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/marshall-islands\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Marshallovy ostrovy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/tahiti\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Tahiti<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"P\u0159epnout nab\u00eddku\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-af76c8a\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12305\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Afrika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12253\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Afrika, cel\u00fd kontinent<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13097\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/dr-congo\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Demokratick\u00e1 republika Kongo<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/kenya\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Ke\u0148a<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12737\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/madagascar\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Madagaskar<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/namibia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Namibie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12839\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/afrika\/rwanda\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Rwanda<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11798\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Amerika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/usa\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">USA<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/mexico\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Mexiko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11800\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Asia<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/maledives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Maledivy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Philppines<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11802\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11797\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Evropa<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11805\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/germany\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">N\u011bmecko<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11803\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/greece\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u0158ecko<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/spain\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u0160pan\u011blsko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11801\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Oce\u00e1nie<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/marshall-islands\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Marshallovy ostrovy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/tahiti\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Tahiti<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2add341 elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"2add341\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"breadcrumbs\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/\">Domovsk\u00e1 str\u00e1nka<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9db9a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9db9a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/\"><strong>Hlavn\u00ed strana: Filip\u00edny<\/strong><\/a><\/h3><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/economy-and-society\/\">1. ekonomika a spole\u010dnost<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/income-and-standard-of-living\/\">2 P\u0159\u00edjmy a \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/labor-migration-and-foreign-employment\/\">3 Pracovn\u00ed migrace a zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/poverty-and-social-inequality\/\">4 Chudoba a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnost<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/common-good-and-solidarity\/\">5 Spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro a solidarita<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/educational-situation\/\">6 Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed situace znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/health-and-retirement-provision\/\">7 Zdravotn\u00ed, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a d\u016fchodov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/care-work-and-commitment\/\">8 Uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pe\u010dovatelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a nasazen\u00ed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/digitization-and-alternative-models\/\">9.inovace, digitalizace a alternativn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 modely<\/a><br \/><strong>10.komunitn\u00ed ekonomika a paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/potential-and-challenges\/\">11 Potenci\u00e1l a v\u00fdzvy pro Gradido<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/international-cooperation\/\">12. mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace a vl\u00e1dn\u00ed rozvojov\u00e9 projekty<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7bb196 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d7bb196\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146ff9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"146ff9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h1 id=\"projekte-f%C3%BCr-gemeinschaftsbasierte-%C3%B6konomie%2C-parallelw%C3%A4hrungen-und-digitale-gemeinwohl-anreize-auf-den-philippinen\" tabindex=\"-1\">Projekty komunitn\u00ed ekonomiky, paraleln\u00edch m\u011bn a digit\u00e1ln\u00edch pob\u00eddek pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 blaho na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h2 id=\"1.-gemeinschaftsbasierte-%C3%B6konomie\" tabindex=\"-1\">1. komunitn\u00ed ekonomika<\/h2><p>Na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch roste po\u010det projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 se op\u00edraj\u00ed o komunitn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Projekty soci\u00e1ln\u00edho bydlen\u00ed<\/strong>V provincii Negros Occidental se rozv\u00edj\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bambusu, kter\u00fd nejen\u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed domy odoln\u00e9 proti katastrof\u00e1m a cenov\u011b dostupn\u00e9, ale tak\u00e9 posiluje m\u00edstn\u00ed hodnotov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a podporuje zam\u011bstnanost ve venkovsk\u00fdch oblastech. Iniciativa se op\u00edr\u00e1 o m\u00edstn\u00ed zdroje a zapojen\u00ed komunity, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiltifoundation.org\/de\/projekte\/sustainable-social-housing-in-the-philippines-pr9bl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^1<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na ekosyst\u00e9my<\/strong>V povod\u00edch se realizuj\u00ed projekty, kter\u00e9 kombinuj\u00ed biologickou rozmanitost, vodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch hodnot. C\u00edlem je vytvo\u0159it ekologicky a soci\u00e1ln\u011b udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 struktury prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm spolupr\u00e1ce.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.giz.de\/de\/weltweit\/124287.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^2<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 dru\u017estva<\/strong>R\u016fzn\u00e9 programy podporuj\u00ed sdru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed drobn\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f do dru\u017estev s c\u00edlem zlep\u0161it p\u0159\u00edstup na trh, p\u0159\u00edjmy a udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 metody hospoda\u0159en\u00ed.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.giz.de\/de\/weltweit\/376.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^3<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h2 id=\"2.-parallelw%C3%A4hrungen-und-komplement%C3%A4rw%C3%A4hrungen\" tabindex=\"-1\">2. paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny a dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 m\u011bny<\/h2><ul><li><strong>Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bna<\/strong>Jedinou z\u00e1konnou m\u011bnou je filip\u00ednsk\u00e9 peso, kter\u00e9 je voln\u011b sm\u011bniteln\u00e9. Na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznan\u00e9 paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny ani m\u00edstn\u00ed dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 m\u011bny.<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippinischer_Peso\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^4<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>Region\u00e1ln\u00ed experimenty<\/strong>Existuj\u00ed \u00favahy a diskuse o \u00faloze pesa v region\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bnov\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch (nap\u0159. v r\u00e1mci ASEAN), ale zat\u00edm neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 projekty paraleln\u00edch m\u011bn nebo m\u00edstn\u00edch sm\u011bnn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f s \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed distribuc\u00ed.<a href=\"https:\/\/fastercapital.com\/de\/inhalt\/Peso--Untersuchung-der-Rolle-des-Peso-innerhalb-der-asiatischen-Waehrungseinheit.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^6<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky<\/strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky, jako jsou GCash a PayMaya, jsou velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed je miliony lid\u00ed. Nahrazuj\u00ed hotovost v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, ale nejsou to skute\u010dn\u00e9 paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny; jsou to digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed infrastruktury zalo\u017een\u00e9 na pesos.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.adyen.com\/de_DE\/zahlungsmethode-guides\/asien-pazifik\/philippinen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^7<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h2 id=\"3.-digitale-gemeinwohl-anreize-und-partizipative-modelle\" tabindex=\"-1\">3. digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pob\u00eddky pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro a participativn\u00ed modely<\/h2><ul><li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky a motiva\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k mikrotransakc\u00edm, dar\u016fm a projekt\u016fm pro obecn\u00e9 blaho. Usnad\u0148uj\u00ed crowdfunding soci\u00e1ln\u00edch iniciativ a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed obyvatelstvu p\u0159\u00edmo se pod\u00edlet na m\u00edstn\u00edch projektech.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.adyen.com\/de_DE\/zahlungsmethode-guides\/asien-pazifik\/philippinen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^7<\/a>.<\/li><li><strong>Participativn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/strong>Filip\u00edny jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za pr\u016fkopn\u00edka participativn\u00edch rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch proces\u016f (\"zdola nahoru\", \"ob\u010dansk\u00fd participativn\u00ed audit\"). Ob\u010dan\u00e9 a nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace se zde aktivn\u011b pod\u00edlej\u00ed na pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a kontrole ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platformy podporuj\u00ed tyto procesy t\u00edm, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed transparentnost a \u00fa\u010dast.<\/li><li><strong>Projekty pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro<\/strong>Existuje \u0159ada m\u00edstn\u00edch iniciativ, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed technologie k dosa\u017een\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f - nap\u0159\u00edklad v oblasti prevence katastrof, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zdravotnictv\u00ed. Tyto projekty se op\u00edraj\u00ed o spole\u010dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikaci a spole\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.giz.de\/de\/weltweit\/376.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^2<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h2 id=\"4.-herausforderungen-und-perspektiven\" tabindex=\"-1\">4. v\u00fdzvy a perspektivy<\/h2><ul><li><strong>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec<\/strong>Paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny zat\u00edm nejsou ofici\u00e1ln\u011b povoleny. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed inovace funguj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1rodn\u00ed regulace.<\/li><li><strong>M\u011b\u0159\u00edtko<\/strong>Mnoho komunitn\u00edch projekt\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 lokalizovan\u00fdch. P\u0159enosu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch model\u016f do jin\u00fdch region\u016f br\u00e1n\u00ed omezen\u00e9 zdroje a nedostatek politick\u00e9 podpory.<\/li><li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed propast<\/strong>P\u0159\u00edstup k digit\u00e1ln\u00edm pob\u00eddk\u00e1m pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 blaho je v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch centrech ne\u017e ve venkovsk\u00fdch regionech.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h2 id=\"%C3%BCbersichtstabelle\" tabindex=\"-1\">P\u0159ehledov\u00e1 tabulka<\/h2><div class=\"table-responsive\"><table><tbody><tr><th><p>Rozsah<\/p><\/th><th><p>P\u0159\u00edklady\/stav<\/p><\/th><th><p>Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td><p>Ekonomika zalo\u017een\u00e1 na Spole\u010denstv\u00ed<\/p><\/td><td><p>Ekosyst\u00e9m p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bambusu, dru\u017estva, spr\u00e1va ekosyst\u00e9mu<\/p><\/td><td><p>Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch hodnot, odolnost<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny<\/p><\/td><td><p>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed, peso z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 rezervn\u00ed m\u011bnou<\/p><\/td><td><p>Diskuse o region\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstupech<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pob\u00eddky pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro<\/p><\/td><td><p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky, participativn\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1n\u00ed, crowdfunding<\/p><\/td><td><p>Vysok\u00e1 p\u0159ijatelnost, zejm\u00e9na ve m\u011bstech<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br:<\/strong> Na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch existuje \u0159ada inovativn\u00edch projekt\u016f komunitn\u00ed ekonomiky a digit\u00e1ln\u00edch pob\u00eddek pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti soci\u00e1ln\u00edho bydlen\u00ed, environment\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a participativn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Neexistuj\u00ed v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny - digit\u00e1ln\u00ed inovace se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na peso a zapojen\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti do komunitn\u00edch proces\u016f.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiltifoundation.org\/de\/projekte\/sustainable-social-housing-in-the-philippines-pr9bl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.giz.de\/de\/weltweit\/376.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">^7<\/a>.<\/p><hr \/><h2 id=\"kommentar-von-nea\" tabindex=\"-1\">Dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed z pohledu Gradida<\/h2><p>Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch existuje pozoruhodn\u00e1 rozmanitost komunitn\u00edch projekt\u016f, digit\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro a participativn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch struktur - i kdy\u017e ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed paraleln\u00ed m\u011bny nebo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 projekty dopl\u0148kov\u00fdch m\u011bn st\u00e1le chyb\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Gradido perspektiva a dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed my\u0161lenky:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>Hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na komunit\u011b:<\/strong> Popsan\u00e9 iniciativy - od soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekologick\u00e9 bytov\u00e9 v\u00fdstavby z bambusu po zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 dru\u017estva a participativn\u00ed hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou - ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee zem\u011b m\u00e1 velk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l a ji\u017e m\u00e1 zku\u0161enosti s udr\u017eitelnou hospod\u00e1\u0159skou \u010dinnost\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na komunit\u00e1ch. Tato forma m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy tvo\u0159\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad, na n\u011bm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee Gradido vyr\u016fst jako model orientovan\u00fd na spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro.<\/li><li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pob\u00eddky pro spole\u010dn\u00e9 dobro:<\/strong> Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky, crowdfunding a participativn\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou ji\u017e ve filip\u00ednsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pevn\u011b zakotveny. To umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed transparentnost, participaci a spole\u010dn\u00fd rozvoj. Otev\u0159enost je obrovsk\u00e1, zejm\u00e9na v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch centrech - digitalizace v\u0161ak nab\u00edz\u00ed i nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro venkovsk\u00e9 iniciativy, kter\u00e9 mohou stav\u011bt mosty.<\/li><li><strong>Nedostatek paraleln\u00edch m\u011bn\/dopl\u0148kov\u00fdch m\u011bn:<\/strong> Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee (zat\u00edm) neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bny, je p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed i v\u00fdzvou: je zde mal\u00e1 konkurence a z\u00e1rove\u0148 otev\u0159en\u00fd prostor, kter\u00fd \u010dek\u00e1 na inovativn\u00ed syst\u00e9my zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 blaho, jako je Gradido. Je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v \u00favahu pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a politick\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak lze \u0159e\u0161it spole\u010dn\u011b a postupn\u011b v r\u00e1mci participativn\u00edch proces\u016f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0160k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed propast:<\/strong> Mnoho projekt\u016f je \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch na m\u00edstn\u00ed \u00farovni, ale jejich p\u0159enos do jin\u00fdch region\u016f a skupin obyvatel je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde by ucelen\u00e1 koncepce gradido - ve spojen\u00ed s duchem Bayanihan - mohla vytvo\u0159it nov\u00e9 synergie a \u0161irok\u00e9 hnut\u00ed za solidaritu, participaci a m\u00edstn\u00ed prosperitu.<\/li><li><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br a vize:<\/strong><br \/>Filip\u00edny maj\u00ed bohat\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s komunitn\u00edm duchem, ekologickou odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed otev\u0159enost\u00ed. P\u0159inesen\u00edm Gradida jako dal\u0161\u00edho stupn\u011b tohoto rozvoje - s aktivn\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmem, ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm rozpo\u010dtem a fondem pro vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed - m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci prom\u011bnit mnoho m\u00edstn\u00edch jisker v siln\u00fd, z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fd ohe\u0148 spole\u010dn\u00e9ho dobra pro zemi a jej\u00ed \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 lidi.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gemeinschaftsbasierte \u00d6konomie und Parallelw\u00e4hrungen Hauptseite: Philippinen 1. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft2.Einkommen und Lebensstandard3.Arbeitsmigration und Auslandserwerbst\u00e4tigkeit4.Armut und soziale Ungleichheit5.Gemeinwohl und Solidarit\u00e4t6.Bildungssituation benachteiligter Kinder7.Gesundheit, soziale Sicherung und Altersvorsorge8.Anerkennung von Care-Arbeit und Engagement9.Innovationen, Digitalisierung und alternative Wirtschaftsmodelle10.Gemeinschaftsbasierte \u00d6konomie und Parallelw\u00e4hrungen11.Potenziale und Herausforderungen f\u00fcr Gradido12. Internationale Kooperationen, NGOs und staatliche Entwicklungsprojekte Projekte f\u00fcr gemeinschaftsbasierte \u00d6konomie, Parallelw\u00e4hrungen und digitale Gemeinwohl-Anreize auf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10458,"parent":10540,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10649","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gemeinschaftsbasierte \u00d6konomie und Parallelw\u00e4hrungen Philippinen - Gradido<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sei Teil der Bewegung!Gemeinsam bringen wir Gradido in die Welt.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/cs\/countries\/philippines\/community-based-economy-and-parallel-currencies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gemeinschaftsbasierte \u00d6konomie und Parallelw\u00e4hrungen Philippinen - 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