{"id":11085,"date":"2025-08-13T10:13:17","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T08:13:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gradido.net\/?page_id=11085"},"modified":"2025-10-04T12:07:28","modified_gmt":"2025-10-04T10:07:28","slug":"equality-for-women-and-minorities","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/equality-for-women-and-minorities\/","title":{"rendered":"Naiste ja v\u00e4hemuste v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkus Saudi Araabias"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"11085\" class=\"elementor elementor-11085\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ce3e8af elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ce3e8af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efa8c8c\" data-id=\"efa8c8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e088aa4 elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"e088aa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrows&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Liugur\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-2de4990 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"saudi-arabia-7375729_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-28f126e swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"mecca-66966_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-992da35 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"mecca-1050478_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-1a67a9d swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"prohvet-2249759_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-2799f50 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"saudi-arabia-8880043_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-22adf08 swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"camel-train-3408458_1280\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"\u00d6nceki slayt\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Sonraki slayt\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-240baa7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"240baa7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1afe9e42\" data-id=\"1afe9e42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65bd50ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65bd50ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Naiste ja v\u00e4hemuste v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkus<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-446540f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"446540f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-312a2d3\" data-id=\"312a2d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-274ae97 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"274ae97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Riiklik uuring\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-grow\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-274ae97\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12305\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Aafrika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12253\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Aafrika, kogu kontinent<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13097\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/dr-congo\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Kongo Demokraatlik Vabariik<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/kenya\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Kenya<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12737\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/madagascar\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Madagaskar<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/namibia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Namiibia<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12839\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/rwanda\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Rwanda<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11798\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Ameerika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/usa\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">USA<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/mexico\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Mehhiko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11800\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Aasia<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/maledives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Maldiivid<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/philippines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Filipiinid<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11802\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Saudi Araabia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11797\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Euroopa<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11805\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/germany\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Saksamaa<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11803\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/greece\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Kreeka<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/spain\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Hispaania<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11801\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">Okeaania<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/marshall-islands\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Marshalli saared<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/tahiti\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Tahiti<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Men\u00fc\u00fc \u00fcmberl\u00fclitamine\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-274ae97\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12305\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Aafrika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12253\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Aafrika, kogu kontinent<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13097\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/dr-congo\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Kongo Demokraatlik Vabariik<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/kenya\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Kenya<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12737\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/madagascar\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Madagaskar<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/namibia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Namiibia<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12839\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/afrika\/rwanda\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Rwanda<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11798\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Ameerika<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/usa\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">USA<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/mexico\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Mehhiko<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11800\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Aasia<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/maledives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Maldiivid<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/philippines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Filipiinid<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11802\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Saudi Araabia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11797\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Euroopa<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11805\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/germany\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Saksamaa<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11803\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/greece\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Kreeka<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/spain\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Hispaania<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11801\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Okeaania<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/marshall-islands\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Marshalli saared<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/tahiti\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Tahiti<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e730ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"6e730ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"breadcrumbs\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/\">Koduleht<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9db9a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9db9a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/\"><strong>Avaleht: Saudi Araabia<\/strong><\/a><\/h2><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/social-and-economic-challenges\/\">1. sotsiaalsed ja majanduslikud v\u00e4ljakutsed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/education-system\/\">2. hariduss\u00fcsteem<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/environmental-initiatives\/\">3. keskkonnaalased algatused<\/a><br \/><strong>4. naiste ja v\u00e4hemuste v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkus<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/artificial-intelligence-and-robotics\/\">5 Tehisintellekt ja robootika<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/religion-and-ethical-values\/\">6 Religioon ja eetilised v\u00e4\u00e4rtused<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/tax-system-and-zakat\/\">7 Maksus\u00fcsteem ja Zakat<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/soft-power\/\">8. rahvusvaheline prestii\u017eiv\u00f5it (Soft Power)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/integration-and-conflict-management\/\">9. integratsioon ja konfliktide lahendamine<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/ai-nation-for-public-welfare-oriented-cooperation\/\">10. tehisintellekti rahvas koost\u00f6\u00f6ks \u00fchise h\u00fcvangu nimel?<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7bb196 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d7bb196\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146ff9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"146ff9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><div class=\"wiki-page-header-wrapper\"><h1 data-pm-slice=\"0 0 []\">Kuidas kogevad naised ja v\u00e4hemused Saudi Araabias t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval tegelikult osalemist ja v\u00f5imalusi?<\/h1><h2>M\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rsed edusammud, kuid struktuuriline diskrimineerimine on endiselt olemas<\/h2><p>Saudi Araabia leiab end <strong>Muutuste faas<\/strong>mis on ajendatud visioonist 2030 ja mille tulemuseks on <strong>M\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rsed parandused<\/strong> naistele, samas kui usu- ja etniliste v\u00e4hemuste suhtes kehtivad endiselt m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rsed piirangud.<\/p><h3>Naised: Dramaatiline muutus koos j\u00e4tkuvate piirangutega<\/h3><h4>Edu t\u00f6\u00f6turul<\/h4><p>The <strong>Naiste osalemine t\u00f6\u00f6turul<\/strong> on ajavahemikul 2017-2024 suurenenud <strong>rohkem kui kahekordistunud<\/strong>. Kui 2017. aastal oli see veel 17,4%, siis 2017. aastal t\u00f5usis see kuni <strong>35,8% aastal 2024<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talentspring.de\/content\/selbst-saudi-arabien-versteht-allmahlich-ohne-frauen-gehts-nicht-voran\">^1<\/a>. Saudi Araabia on seega juba m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rselt \u00fcletanud algse visiooni 2030 eesm\u00e4rki 30%<a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/saudi-arabien-frauen-starten-durch_id_195100244.html\">^3<\/a>.<\/p><p>Eriti muljetavaldav on t\u00f5usu <strong>Juhtimiskohad<\/strong>: <strong>44% keskastme ja k\u00f5rgema juhtkonna ametikohad<\/strong> on n\u00fc\u00fcdseks h\u00f5ivatud naiste poolt<a href=\"https:\/\/www.talentspring.de\/content\/selbst-saudi-arabien-versteht-allmahlich-ohne-frauen-gehts-nicht-voran\">^2<\/a>. Kaitset\u00f6\u00f6stuses, mis on traditsiooniliselt meeste sektor, on juba praegu <strong>22% t\u00f6\u00f6tajatest naised<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cassis.uni-bonn.de\/pdfs\/publikationsverzeichnis-ulrich-schlie-november-2023.pdf\">^4<\/a>.<\/p><p>The <strong>Naiste t\u00f6\u00f6tus<\/strong> on kuue kuu jooksul langenud 20,5%-lt 15,4%-le.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/saudi-arabien-frauen-starten-durch_id_195100244.html\">^3<\/a>. Noorte (15-24-aastased) t\u00f6\u00f6tuse m\u00e4\u00e4r on 22,2%, v\u00f5rreldes 10,6% noormeeste puhul.<a href=\"https:\/\/de.statista.com\/statistik\/daten\/studie\/1409895\/umfrage\/jugendarbeitslosenquote-in-saudi-arabien\/\">^5<\/a>.<\/p><h4>\u00d5ppeedukus<\/h4><p>Naised domineerivad n\u00fc\u00fcd <strong>\u00dclikooli maastik<\/strong>: <strong>2020. aastal esmakordselt rohkem nais- kui mees\u00fcli\u00f5pilasi<\/strong> Saudi Araabia \u00fclikoolides<a href=\"https:\/\/www.welt-sichten.org\/artikel\/43739\/im-koenigreich-der-widersprueche\">^6<\/a>. sisse 2014, \u00f5pilased \u00f5ppisid juba <strong>37% k\u00f5igist naistest vanuses 18-24 aastat.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/de.statista.com\/statistik\/daten\/studie\/385843\/umfrage\/anteil-der-studentinnen-und-studenten-in-ausgewaehlten-arabischen-laendern\/\">^7<\/a>.<\/p><p>Eriti t\u00e4helepanuv\u00e4\u00e4rne on edu selles, et <strong>MINT teemad<\/strong>: <strong>41,6% teaduse, tehnoloogia, inseneri- ja matemaatikavaldkonna l\u00f5petanutest on naised.<\/strong> - OECD andmetel on see maailmas neljandal kohal.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.constructionbriefing.com\/de\/news\/eine-bessere-zukunft-fur-frauen-in-saudi-arabien-schaffen\/8041009.article\">^8<\/a>.<\/p><h4>Ettev\u00f5tlustegevus<\/h4><p>The <strong>Idufirmade \u00f6kos\u00fcsteem<\/strong> iseloomustab \u00fcha enam naisi. <strong>95% Saudi Araabia naised<\/strong> on v\u00e4ga heal arvamusel ettev\u00f5tja elukutse kohta, selgub Kuningriigi naiste aruandest 2021\/22<a href=\"https:\/\/qantara.de\/artikel\/saudi-arabien-frauen-treiben-start-szene\">^9<\/a>. Maailmapank kinnitab, et Saudi Araabia on loonud k\u00f5ik vajalikud tingimused t\u00f6\u00f6turu avamiseks.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/de\/saudi-arabien-frauen-treiben-start-up-szene-an\/a-68625849\">^10<\/a>.<\/p><h3>P\u00fcsiv struktuuriline diskrimineerimine<\/h3><h4>Eestkostes\u00fcsteem on j\u00e4tkuvalt olemas<\/h4><p>Hoolimata k\u00f5igist edusammudest on <strong>meeste eestkostes\u00fcsteem<\/strong> kriitika keskne punkt. Vastuv\u00f5etud 2022. aasta <strong>Perekonnaseisu seadus<\/strong> j\u00e4tkab naiste diskrimineerimise kodifitseerimist abielu, abielulahutuse ja hooldus\u00f5iguse k\u00fcsimustes<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/saudi-arabien-vorsitz-un-frauenrechtskommission\/\">^11<\/a>.<\/p><p>Naised vajavad endiselt <strong>Abielu eestkostja volitamine abielu s\u00f5lmimiseks<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.de\/informieren\/amnesty-report\/saudi-arabien-2024\">^13<\/a>. Abielus toimuvat v\u00e4gistamist ei karistata ja abielulahutust ei aktsepteerita sageli kohtus.<a href=\"https:\/\/taz.de\/Saudi-Arabien-und-die-Frauenrechte\/!5998877\/\">^15<\/a>.<\/p><h4>Aktivistide vastu suunatud repressioonid<\/h4><p>Paradoksaalselt <strong>Naiste \u00f5iguste aktivistide s\u00fcstemaatiline tagakiusamine<\/strong>. Loujain al-Hathloul, kes v\u00f5itles autojuhtimis\u00f5iguse eest, arreteeriti ja piinati just 2018. aastal - aastal, mil s\u00f5idukeeld t\u00fchistati.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.ch\/de\/ueber-amnesty\/publikationen\/magazin-amnesty\/2024-3\/die-doppelzuengigkeit-gegenueber-frauen\">^11<\/a>. 2022. aasta augustis nimetati doktorant Salma al-Shehab <strong>34 aastat vangistust<\/strong> m\u00f5isteti s\u00fc\u00fcdi lihtsalt sellep\u00e4rast, et ta oli retweetinud inim\u00f5igustega seotud \u00fcleskutseid<a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/frauenrechte-am-golf-trotz-reformen-bleibt-viel-zu-tun_id_181078779.html\">^16<\/a>.<\/p><h4>Soolised palgaerinevused<\/h4><p>Kuigi t\u00f6\u00f6seadused keelavad soolise diskrimineerimise palkades, <strong>Naised teenivad j\u00e4tkuvalt v\u00e4hem kui mehed<\/strong>. Erinevus varieerub 4% vahel avalikus sektoris ja <strong>36% eraettev\u00f5tetes<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/saudi-arabien-frauen-starten-durch_id_195100244.html\">^3<\/a>.<\/p><h3>Kriitiliste piirangutega rahvusvaheline tunnustamine<\/h3><h4>\u00dclemaailmne soolise l\u00f5he indeks<\/h4><p>Saudi Araabia on <strong>\u00dclemaailmne soolise l\u00f5he indeks<\/strong> 147. kohalt (2021) kuni <strong>Koht 126 (2024)<\/strong> parandatud<a href=\"https:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/demography\/global-gender-gap-index\/saudi-arabia\">^17<\/a>. MENA piirkonnas on see <strong>64,3%<\/strong> neljas koht, A\u00dcE (72,4%) j\u00e4rel.<a href=\"https:\/\/de.statista.com\/statistik\/daten\/studie\/1329909\/umfrage\/laender-in-der-mena-region-nach-dem-gender-gap-index\/\">^18<\/a>.<\/p><p>Hindamine n\u00e4itab selgeid lahknevusi: Kuigi <strong>Haridus ja tervis<\/strong> j\u00f5uavad peaaegu v\u00f5rdsele tasemele 0,99 punktiga kumbki. <strong>Poliitiline osalemine<\/strong> ainult 0,077 punkti<a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1614119\/saudi-arabia-gender-gap-index-by-category\/\">^19<\/a>.<\/p><h4>\u00dcRO poleemika<\/h4><p>Saudi Araabia nimetamine <strong>\u00dcRO naiste olukorra komisjoni esimees 2025<\/strong> p\u00f5hjustas rahvusvahelise pahameele<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tagesschau.de\/ausland\/saudi-arabien-vorsitz-frauenfoerderung-100.html\">^20<\/a>. Amnesty International kirjeldas seda kui \"\u0161okki\" ja viitas riigi \"viletsale olukorrale\" naiste \u00f5iguste osas.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/saudi-arabien-vorsitz-un-frauenrechtskommission\/\">^12<\/a>.<\/p><h2>Usulised ja etnilised v\u00e4hemused: S\u00fcstemaatiline marginaliseerimine<\/h2><h3>\u0160iiitlikud moslemid<\/h3><p>The <strong>\u0160iiitide v\u00e4hemus<\/strong> (umbes 10-16% elanikkonnast) kannatab s\u00fcstemaatilise diskrimineerimise all.<a href=\"https:\/\/eterna.unibas.ch\/bulletin\/article\/download\/1305\/1537\">^22<\/a>. Nad elavad peamiselt naftarikkas idaprovintsis, kuid riigi vaimulikud tunnustavad neid kui <strong>\"Ketserid\" ja \"usulahutajad\"<\/strong> m\u00e4rgistatud<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/de\/news\/2017\/09\/26\/saudi-arabien-offizielle-hassreden-gegen-minderheiten\">^24<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>Riigi vaimulikud<\/strong> kasutavad halvustavaid v\u00e4ljendeid nagu \"rafidha\" (eitaja) ja h\u00e4bim\u00e4rgistavad \u0161iiitlikke tavasid.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/de\/news\/2017\/09\/26\/saudi-arabien-offizielle-hassreden-gegen-minderheiten\">^24<\/a>. Hariduss\u00fcsteem propageerib \u0161iiavastaseid eelarvamusi ja \u0161iiad on praktiliselt v\u00e4listatud k\u00f5rgematest ametikohtadest.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/de\/news\/2009\/09\/03\/saudi-arabien-gleichbehandlung-fur-schiiten\">^25<\/a>.<\/p><p>Human Rights Watch dokumenteeris <strong>\u00e4gedad religioossed pinged<\/strong> p\u00e4rast kokkup\u00f5rkeid \u0161iiitlike palver\u00e4ndurite ja religioosse politsei vahel Mediinas 2009. aastal<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/de\/news\/2009\/09\/03\/saudi-arabien-gleichbehandlung-fur-schiiten\">^25<\/a>. Eraldi \u0161iiitide palvetoad suleti ja usujuhid vangistati.<\/p><h3>Kristlik v\u00e4hemus<\/h3><p>The <strong>kristluse avalik praktika<\/strong> on t\u00e4ielikult keelatud<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christentum_in_Saudi-Arabien\">^26<\/a>. Umbes <strong>2,2 miljonit kristlast<\/strong> Saudi Araabias on enamik v\u00e4lismaistest t\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5umigrantidest<a href=\"https:\/\/www.opendoors.de\/sites\/default\/files\/country_dossier\/saudi-arabien_wvi_2024_laenderprofil.pdf\">^27<\/a>.<\/p><p>Religioossete s\u00fcmbolite, n\u00e4iteks ristide v\u00f5i piiblide omamine on <strong>karistusega keelatud<\/strong>. Kirikuid v\u00f5i muid mitte-islamlikke p\u00fchapaiku ei tohi p\u00fcstitada<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christentum_in_Saudi-Arabien\">^26<\/a>. <strong>Apostasy<\/strong> (islami usku p\u00f6\u00f6rdumine) \u00e4hvardab teoreetiliselt surmanuhtlus.<\/p><p>In the <strong>Maailma tagakiusamise indeks 2024<\/strong> Saudi Araabia seisab <strong>13. koht<\/strong> riikidest, kus kristlasi kiusatakse k\u00f5ige rohkem taga.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.opendoors.de\/sites\/default\/files\/country_dossier\/saudi-arabien_wvi_2024_laenderprofil.pdf\">^27<\/a>. Saudi Araabia usklikud peavad oma usku t\u00e4iesti salajas hoidma.<\/p><h3>LGBTQ+ inimesed<\/h3><p><strong>Homoseksuaalsus on sotsiaalne tabu<\/strong> ja teda karistatakse vangistusega, kehalise karistusega ja kuni <strong>Surmanuhtlus<\/strong> karistatud<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Homosexualit%C3%A4t_in_Saudi-Arabien\">^28<\/a>. Saudi Araabia on \u00fcks kuuest riigist maailmas, kus homoseksuaalsete tegude eest on m\u00e4\u00e4ratud surmanuhtlus.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lsvd.de\/de\/ct\/1245-LGBT-Rechte-weltweit\">^29<\/a>.<\/p><p>2007. aastal m\u00f5isteti kahele mehele m\u00f5lemale karistuseks <strong>7000 ripsmeid<\/strong> s\u00fc\u00fcdim\u00f5istetud homoseksuaalses vahekorras<a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Homosexualit%C3%A4t_in_Saudi-Arabien\">^28<\/a>. Aprillis 2019 hukati viis meest selles kontekstis<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bamf.de\/SharedDocs\/Anlagen\/DE\/Behoerde\/Informationszentrum\/Laenderreporte\/2024\/laenderreport-65-Saudi-Arabien.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&amp;v=7\">^30<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>LGBT-kogukonnad<\/strong> ei saa eksisteerida nende ebaseaduslikkuse t\u00f5ttu. Islami usupolitsei j\u00e4lgib \u00fchiskondlikku elu ja sunnib LGBTQ+ inimesi sotsiaalsesse n\u00e4htamatusse.<\/p><h3>T\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5u sisser\u00e4ndajad<\/h3><p>kohta <strong>4 miljonit inimest<\/strong> t\u00f6\u00f6tavad Saudi Araabias koduabilised, eranditult v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00f6\u00f6tajad.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.de\/pressemitteilung\/saudi-arabien-kenianische-arbeitsmigrantinnen-ausbeutung-rassismus\">^31<\/a>. . <strong>Kafala s\u00fcsteem<\/strong> muudab nad \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt s\u00f5ltuvaks oma t\u00f6\u00f6andjatest ja soodustab s\u00fcstemaatilist rassismi.<\/p><p>Amnesty International dokumenteeritud 2025 <strong>t\u00f5sine \u00e4rakasutamine<\/strong> Keenia koduabilised: nad t\u00f6\u00f6tavad rohkem kui 16 tundi p\u00e4evas, neil ei ole \u00fchtegi vaba p\u00e4eva ja neil ei ole lubatud kodust lahkuda.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.de\/pressemitteilung\/saudi-arabien-kenianische-arbeitsmigrantinnen-ausbeutung-rassismus\">^31<\/a>. Nende passid konfiskeeritakse ja sageli ei saa nad mingit palka.<\/p><p>Keskmine palk on umbes <strong>0,45 eurot tunnis<\/strong>kuna \u00fcletunnit\u00f6\u00f6d ei maksta<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.at\/presse\/saudi-arabien-arbeitsmigrantinnen-erfahren-schwere-ausbeutung-missbrauch-und-rassismus\/\">^32<\/a>. Praktiliselt k\u00f5ik intervjueeritud naised teatasid, et nende viibimise ajal <strong>mitte \u00fchtegi vaba p\u00e4eva<\/strong> olema olnud.<\/p><h2>Tervishoius\u00fcsteem: valikuline t\u00f5rjutus<\/h2><p>Tervishoius\u00fcsteem n\u00e4itab <strong>S\u00fcstemaatiline diskrimineerimine<\/strong> sotsiaalselt ebasoodsas olukorras olevad inimesed. Eriti m\u00f5jutatud on \u0161iiitide v\u00e4hemus, Aasia riikidest p\u00e4rit v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00f6\u00f6tajad, HIV-i nakatunud inimesed, homoseksuaalid ning f\u00fc\u00fcsiliselt ja vaimselt puudega inimesed.<a href=\"https:\/\/deutsches-orient-institut.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/DOI-Studie-Gesundheitssystem-in-Saudi-Arabien.pdf\">^33<\/a>.<\/p><p>The <strong>Sotsiaalne h\u00e4bim\u00e4rgistamine<\/strong> nende r\u00fchmade puudumine toob kaasa meditsiinilise abi puudumise. Puudub avatud diskussioon marginaliseeritud r\u00fchmade \u00fcle, kuigi rakendatud \"riiklik dialoog\" v\u00f5iks siin tuua parandusi.<a href=\"https:\/\/deutsches-orient-institut.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/DOI-Studie-Gesundheitssystem-in-Saudi-Arabien.pdf\">^33<\/a>.<\/p><h2>Lootuse m\u00e4rgid ja vastuolud<\/h2><h3>Positiivsed arengud<\/h3><p>The <strong>Fortune'i k\u00f5ige m\u00f5juv\u00f5imsamate naiste rahvusvaheline tippkohtumine<\/strong> toimub Riyadhis esimest korda 2025. aastal, mis n\u00e4itab rahvusvahelist tunnustust naiste \u00f5iguste valdkonnas tehtud edusammudele.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.presseportal.de\/pm\/179146\/6001043\">^34<\/a>. Saudi Araabia naised omavad n\u00fc\u00fcd <strong>45% k\u00f5ikidest patentidest<\/strong> riigis.<\/p><p>The <strong>Esimene naissoost Saudi Araabia astronaut<\/strong> Rayyanah Barnawi t\u00f6\u00f6tas 2023. aastal rahvusvahelises kosmosejaamas ISS ja sai muutuste s\u00fcmboliks<a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/saudi-arabien-frauen-starten-durch_id_195100244.html\">^3<\/a>. Sellised edulood loovad noortele naistele eeskujusid.<\/p><h3>Struktuurilised vastuolud<\/h3><p>The <strong>Moderniseerimine on autoritaarne<\/strong> \u00fclaltpoolt, ilma sotsiaalse diskursuseta. Samal ajal kui naised lendavad kosmosesse, veedavad naiste \u00f5iguste aktivistid aastak\u00fcmneid vanglas<a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/politik\/ausland\/frauenrechte-am-golf-trotz-reformen-bleibt-viel-zu-tun_id_181078779.html\">^16<\/a>.<\/p><p>The <strong>Visioon 2030<\/strong> Kirjeldab naisi kui \"suurt vara\", mida ta tahab \"v\u00f5imestada\".<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.ch\/de\/ueber-amnesty\/publikationen\/magazin-amnesty\/2024-3\">^35<\/a>. Kriitikud n\u00e4evad seda eelk\u00f5ige <strong>Majanduslikud motiivid<\/strong> selle asemel, et t\u00f5eliselt p\u00fchenduda v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkusele.<\/p><h2>Kokkuv\u00f5te: progressi ja repressioonide vahel<\/h2><p>Saudi Araabia l\u00e4bib <strong>Enneolematu \u00fcmberkujundamine<\/strong> naiste \u00f5iguste osas, mis kajastub t\u00f6\u00f6h\u00f5ive, haridusliku edukuse ja ettev\u00f5tluse dramaatilises kasvus. Need edusammud on <strong>reaalne ja m\u00f5\u00f5detav<\/strong>isegi kui neid varjutavad autoritaarsed struktuurid ja p\u00fcsiv diskrimineerimine.<\/p><p>Sest <strong>Usulised ja etnilised v\u00e4hemused<\/strong> olukord j\u00e4\u00e4b <strong>Kriitiline<\/strong>. \u0160iiidid, kristlased, LGBTQ+ inimesed ja v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00f6\u00f6tajad kogevad s\u00fcstemaatilist t\u00f5rjutust ja tagakiusamist, mis ei ole paranenud vaatamata sotsiaalsele moderniseerumisele.<\/p><p>Muudatus j\u00e4rgneb <strong>instrumentaalne loogika<\/strong>Naisi edendatakse, sest riik vajab nende t\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5udu Vision 2030 jaoks. Tegelik sotsiaalne muutus h\u00f5lmaks aga ka k\u00f5igi teiste v\u00e4hemuste \u00f5igusi - sammu, mida Saudi Araabia ei ole veel julgenud astuda.<\/p><p>The <strong>rahvusvaheline \u00fcldsus<\/strong> seisab silmitsi dilemmaga, et tunnistada naiste \u00f5iguste valdkonnas tehtud vaieldamatuid edusamme, j\u00e4tmata seejuures t\u00e4helepanuta j\u00e4tkuvaid inim\u00f5iguste rikkumisi. Saudi Araabia tee n\u00e4itab, et isegi autoritaarsed s\u00fcsteemid v\u00f5ivad tuua kaasa dramaatilisi sotsiaalseid muutusi, kuid ainult valdkondades, mis teenivad nende strateegilisi eesm\u00e4rke.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><div><hr \/><\/div><h1>T\u00e4iendav hindamine Gradido perspektiivist l\u00e4htuvalt<\/h1><p>Anal\u00fc\u00fcs annab v\u00e4\u00e4rtusliku aluse Gradido riigiprojektile - ka v\u00e4ljaspool soolise v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkuse teemat.<\/p><div><hr \/><\/div><h3>Naised: M\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rsete edusammude ja p\u00fcsiva diskrimineerimise vahel<\/h3><ul data-tight=\"true\"><li><p><strong>T\u00f6\u00f6elu ja haridus:<\/strong><br \/>Naiste t\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5us osalemise m\u00e4\u00e4r on vaid m\u00f5ne aastaga enam kui kahekordistunud ja on n\u00fc\u00fcd umbes 36 %. Naised saavutavad n\u00fc\u00fcd ka m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rseid n\u00e4itajaid juhtivatel ametikohtadel ja STEM-hariduses kogu maailmas. Naised kujundavad idufirmade tegevust ja neid arenguid tunnustatakse ka rahvusvaheliselt.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Struktuurilised piirid:<\/strong><br \/>Sellele d\u00fcnaamikale vaatamata on meeste eestkostes\u00fcsteem ja arvukad \u00f5iguslikud piirangud endiselt olemas. Palgaerinevused, struktuurilised t\u00f5kked ja naisaktivistide tagakiusamine takistavad endiselt v\u00f5rdsete \u00f5iguste saavutamist.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><div><hr \/><\/div><h3>V\u00e4hemused: J\u00e4tkuv marginaliseerimine ja diskrimineerimine<\/h3><ul data-tight=\"true\"><li><p><strong>Usuv\u00e4hemused<\/strong> (eriti \u0161iiidid ja kristlased) kogevad m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rset diskrimineerimist ja m\u00f5nikord ka avalikke repressioone. Avalik usutegevus on de facto keelatud - v\u00e4lja arvatud sunniitlikus islamis.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>LGBTQ+ inimesed<\/strong> on m\u00f5jutatud sotsiaalsetest ja riiklikest repressioonidest, sealhulgas surmanuhtlusest.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>T\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5u sisser\u00e4ndajad<\/strong> (eriti koduabilised) s\u00f5ltuvad massiliselt ja neid kasutatakse sageli \u00e4ra; kaitsemehhanismid ja \u00f5igused suuresti puuduvad.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><div><hr \/><\/div><h3>Struktuurilised vastuolud ja rahvusvaheline hindamine<\/h3><p>Tohutu moderniseerimise hoog (nt naiste \u00f5iguste, hariduse ja ettev\u00f5tluse alustamise valdkonnas) on tugevalt motiveeritud majanduslikest ja poliitilistest eesm\u00e4rkidest ning see toimub ilma ulatusliku sotsiaalse liberaliseerimiseta. Edusammud on reaalsed, kuid ei ole vabad ambivalentsusest: Kuigi luuakse majanduslikku emantsipatsiooni ja rollimudeleid, on v\u00f5rd\u00f5iguslikkus paljudes eluvaldkondades endiselt l\u00fcnklik ja poliitilised vabadused on tugevalt piiratud.<\/p><div><hr \/><\/div><h3>Lootus ja t\u00f5uge Gradido jaoks<\/h3><ul data-tight=\"true\"><li><p><strong>Positiivsetest asjadest kinnipidamine:<\/strong><br \/>Gradido saab j\u00e4tkata seal, kus edusammud on juba vilja kandnud: toimetuleku kindlustamise, hariduse, sotsiaalse osaluse ja v\u00f5rdsuse edendamisel.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Empaatia ja tunnustamine:<\/strong><br \/>Oluline on tunnustada olemasolevaid reforme, kuid samas on oluline ka julgus osutada allesj\u00e4\u00e4nud eeldustele ja lahtistele haavadele.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Sildade ehitamine:<\/strong><br \/>Sild traditsioonide ja uute alguste, majandusliku moderniseerimise ja t\u00f5elise sotsiaalse kaasatuse vahel on v\u00f5tmet\u00e4htsusega - Gradido v\u00f5ib anda t\u00f5uke k\u00f5igi inimeste osalemiseks ja tunnustamiseks \u00fchise heaolu ja universaalse inimv\u00e4\u00e4rikuse alusel.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><div><hr \/><\/div><p>See uuring n\u00e4itab muljetavaldavalt, et palju toimub ja palju on veel teha. Kiire moderniseerimise ja k\u00e4imasolevate kontrollimehhanismide vaheline ambivalentsus n\u00f5uab ka meie tunnustavat t\u00e4helepanu ja loovust.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gleichstellung von Frauen und Minderheiten \u00a0 \u00a0Hauptseite: Saudi-Arabien 1. Soziale und wirtschaftliche Herausforderungen2. Bildungssystem3. Umweltinitiativen4. Gleichstellung von Frauen und Minderheiten5. K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz und Robotik6. Religion und ethische Werte7. Steuersystem und Zakat8. Internationaler Prestigegewinn (Soft Power)9. Integration und Konfliktmanagement10. KI-Nation f\u00fcr gemeinwohlorientiertes Miteinander? Wie erleben Frauen und Minderheiten in Saudi-Arabien heute wirklich Teilhabe und Chancen? Deutliche [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10458,"parent":11034,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11085","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gleichstellung von Frauen und Minderheiten in Saudi-Arabien - Gradido<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sei Teil der Bewegung!Gemeinsam bringen wir Gradido in die Welt.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gradido.net\/et\/countries\/saudi-arabia\/equality-for-women-and-minorities\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gleichstellung von Frauen und Minderheiten in Saudi-Arabien - 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